PERUBAHAN FISIK DAN PSIKOSOSIAL MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN HEMODIALISIS
Physical and Psychosocial Changes Affect the Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v9i1.1426Keywords:
perubahan fisik, perubahan psikososial, kualitas hidup, gagal ginjal tahap akhir, hemodialisaAbstract
Pendahuluan : Hemodialisis (HD) merupakan intervensi yang paling banyak dipilih oleh pasien End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Terapi ini dilakukan sepanjang hidup pasien sehingga dapat menyebabkan perubahan fisik dan psikologis. Perubahan yang kompleks dapat menjadi pemicu munculnya kondisi yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi hubungan perubahan fisik dan psikososial pasien ESRD yang menjalani HD dengan kualitas hidupnya. Metode: Desain cross-sectional. Sebanyak 117 pasien di unit HD Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Cempaka Putih terlibat sebagai partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil: Perubahan fisik berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup (PCS) pasien dengan HD (t = -2.061, p value = 0.042). Perubahan psikologis berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup pasien dengan HD pada komponen PCS dan MCS. Analisis multivariat menunjukan ansietas sebagai prediktor kualitas hidup pada aspek fisik (? = - .252, p = .038), sedangkan lama HD merupakan prediktor kualitas hidup pada aspek psikososial (? = .235, p = .006) Kesimpulan: Perubahan fisik dirasakan oleh pasien dengan frekuensi dan tingkat keparahan yang bervariasi. Berkaitan dengan indikator psikososial, kecemasan merupakan gangguan yang paling banyak dialami oleh pasien yang menjalani HD. Kualitas Hidup Komponen Fisik (PSC) lebih rendah dari Kualitas Hidup Komponen Mental (MCS) sebagai indikator Kualitas Hidup Penyakit Ginjal (KDQOL). Kecemasan dan Durasi HD adalah prediktor potensial Kualitas Hidup Pasien dengan HD
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